Thailand's scorching summer has arrived, and with it, a stark reminder of the dangers of heat stroke. As the country swelters under rising temperatures, the Department of Disease Control (DDC) is sounding the alarm, urging citizens to take extra precautions to avoid a potentially fatal health risk.
The DDC's warning is particularly timely, as Thailand's summer period typically lasts from late February to mid-May, bringing with it a higher risk of heat-related illnesses. Last year, a staggering 182 heat-related cases were recorded, with the majority affecting men aged 15-34. This highlights a concerning trend, as outdoor workers, soldiers, and laborers are at the highest risk.
What's more, the data reveals a grim reality. Among the reported cases, heat exhaustion was the most common, accounting for 34.07% of cases. Heat syncope and heat cramps followed closely, with 23.63% and 14.29% of cases, respectively. Heat stroke, the most severe form, accounted for a concerning 9.34%.
The impact of heat stroke is devastating. In 2025, the DDC reported 21 heat-related deaths, with men making up 85.7% of the victims. The average age of those who succumbed to heat stroke was a startling 51 years old, and a significant 28.5% were laborers. This data underscores the vulnerability of certain groups, particularly those with underlying health conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes.
The DDC's message is clear: heat stroke is a serious threat, especially for those exposed to prolonged heat. It occurs when the body's internal temperature rises above 40 degrees Celsius, causing it to lose its ability to regulate heat. Warning signs include a high body temperature, hot and flushed skin, lack of sweating, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, confusion, weakness, and loss of consciousness. Severe neurological symptoms such as seizures or incoherent speech may also occur.
If you suspect someone is suffering from heat stroke, immediate action is crucial. The DDC recommends laying the patient flat, loosening tight clothing, and cooling the body with a cold, wet cloth applied to the neck, armpits, head, and body. Using a fan to lower the temperature is also essential. If the patient is unconscious, place them on their side to prevent airway obstruction before rushing them to the hospital.
The DDC's deputy director-general, Dr. Anek Mung-Om-Klang, emphasizes the higher risk of heat stroke among older people, young children, pregnant women, outdoor workers, athletes, and those with chronic illnesses. He urges the public to take precautions, such as avoiding outdoor activities between 11 am and 3 pm, resting in shaded areas, and drinking clean water regularly.
Additionally, the department advises against consuming alcohol, caffeine, and sugary drinks, as these can exacerbate the effects of heat. Wearing loose, light-colored clothing is recommended, and it's crucial never to leave children or pets in cars parked in direct sunlight, as temperatures can soar rapidly.
As the summer heat intensifies, the DDC's call to action is clear. By monitoring weather forecasts, seeking medical attention for unusual symptoms, and following these precautions, Thais can protect themselves from the deadly consequences of heat stroke. The DDC's hotline, 1422, is available for further information and support.
